Calvert County Health Department

Extreme Heat

Extreme heat can lead to serious health issues. While anyone can be a victim of heat-related illness, highest risk groups include people under age 5 or over age 65, people with chronic illnesses, people taking certain medications and those who are exercising or working outdoors.

Know the Signs of Heat-Related Illness
Symptoms of heat stroke include: 

• Confusion, altered mental status, slurred speech 
• Loss of consciousness (coma) 
• Hot, dry skin or profuse sweating 
• Seizures 
• Very high body temperature 
• Fatal if treatment delayed

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion include:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Weakness
• Irritability
• Thirst
• Heavy sweating
• Elevated body temperature
• Decreased urine output

Prevention

• Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. Don’t wait until you’re thirsty. Drink 2-4 glasses (16-32 ounces) of water or fruit juice each hour. Avoid alcohol, caffeine and overly sweetened beverages. 
• Wear loose-fitting, lightweight and light-colored clothing. 
• Avoid direct sunlight by staying in the shade. Wear sunscreen, a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses. 
• NEVER leave children or pets in a car. Even with the windows cracked. Even for just a minute. 
• Check on elderly relatives or neighbors daily. Make sure they have a cool place to be during extreme heat. 
• Stay in air-conditioning when possible. If your home is not air-conditioned, consider visiting a shopping mall, public library or cooling center. Remember, electric fans will not prevent heat-related illness. 
• Marylanders in need of energy assistance should call 2-1-1, Maryland’s information and referral service. Or, visit the Maryland Energy Assistance Program website. 
• Avoid salt tablets unless your doctor told you to take them. 
• Take it easy outdoors. Take short breaks if you feel tired. Schedule physical activity in the morning or evening, when it is cooler.